Curriculum checklist Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Educational program agenda - Assignment Example An educational program ought to be planned in view of having every one of these assorted varieties and still, after all that it ought to be a strong one since this is the fundamental venturing stone for each understudy who looks for information on the grounds that the establishment that the understudies visits is to choose what an understudies is going to examine and learn at the foundation. There ought to be no payment of instruction that is one-sided towards any sexual orientation or race since then it would be hard to find some kind of harmony with in the organization on the grounds that the environment would then be antagonistic towards that race or sex. Strict examinations bestowed at any understudy ought to be finished with outrageous consideration since religion is part of life where feelings run high and wild and it is extremely simple to form religion into various shapes and use it for ones accommodation. There ought to likewise be governing rules and the educational plan ou ght to be changed when the requirement for it emerges in light of the fact that there is no reason for showing out of date educational programs. Plan At the point when one talks about educational plan exceptional consideration ought to be drilled while planning the educational program in light of the fact that the structure of the educational plan is the initial move towards having a fitting educational plan. The structuring ought to be inline, as referenced previously, with the affirmation strategy of the instructive establishment since that would influence the degree of training granted to the understudies. The structure ought to be precise and inline with the educational plan objective which characterizes what the program or a course is intended to show the understudies or what the ultimate objective is tried to be, this exactness level is significant provided that this isn't the situation then the educational program objectives would not be accomplished to the ideal levels and subsequently the general purpose of planning the educational plan would be lost. Extraordinary consideration ought to be given to the association of the substance in a sensible grouping provided that this isn't done so then the understudies would be at a misfortune since then they would need to adapt up to additional weight that is outlandish on account of an absence of appropriate planning and this error is on part of the organization where as the understudies would need to pay as lower evaluations and there would be disdain inside the understudies. The models inside any course material ought to be very first rate and they ought to be shown in light of the fact that representations go far in helping understudies recall things and yet it ought to be recollected that the books doesn't exclusively rely upon these outlines since then the understudies may feel over troubled as a result of them. The inquiries in the course material ought to be introduced intelligently, so to speak trouble and the inquiries ought to be very much pointed and ought to be inline with the content that has been introduced in the book since understudies ought not be required to handle inquiries on which material is absent in the course material. Strategies The strategy of introducing course material is maybe the most significant part since this is

Sex Education Taught to 8 Year Olds Free Essays

Eight-year-old youngsters are being focused for progressively point by point sex instruction in schools. In Christchurch today, Family Planning is propelling another asset for instructors generally essential and middle of the road age kids. The dispatch has vexed the traditionalist hall bunch Family First, which is encouraging Family Planning to â€Å"butt out† and leave sex training to guardians. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sex Education Taught to 8 Year Olds or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now The asset, called The Sexuality Road, is focused on more youthful kids since inquire about shows that they are currently entering adolescence prior. Youngsters reserve an option to comprehend what is befalling their bodies and their emotions,† Family Planning chief of wellbeing advancement Frances Bird said. â€Å"Sexuality training that works begins ahead of schedule, before youngsters arrive at pubescence, and before they have created built up examples of conduct. † The Sexuality Road gives instructors a program of 10 exercises and assessments for every year. Every year accompanies exercise plans, movement worksheets, and assets. Year 5 and 6 (nine and 10-year-old) understudies take a gander at pubertal change, kinships, sexual orientation, families, feminine cycle, ripeness, origination and individual help. Year 7 and 8 students center more around changing sentiments and feelings and their impacts on connections, sexual fascination, dynamic around sexual fascination, origination and birth, contraception and bolster organizations. Winged creature said universal proof indicated kids were entering pubescence sooner than had been found in decades. The normal time of pubescence for young ladies in New Zealand had tumbled to somewhere in the range of nine and 14 and for young men, it was somewhere in the range of 11 and 16, Bird said. â€Å"Some individuals are worried that giving data about sex and sexuality excites interest and can prompt sexual experimentation. There is no proof that this happens,† she said. New Zealand young people rate second-most elevated in the created world for adolescent pregnancies. The Press a month ago uncovered research indicating in excess of 33% of 16-year-olds have just engaged in sexual relations and half state they have been enamored. An Education Review Office report, dispatched by the services of Women’s Affairs, Health and Education, found in any event half of all sex training in schools was introduced by instructors without any capabilities in the subject. Liggins Institute executive, and recently named boss science counsel, Professor Peter Gluckman has prior called for activity to address the â€Å"emerging national crisis,† in sex instruction for more youthful kids. â€Å"Sex and wellbeing instruction needs to become standard and away from the possibility that it’s just for the physed educator who is least outfitted to manage it,† Gluckman said. Family First national executive Bob McCoskrie said youngsters ought to be shown sex instruction by their folks when they were prepared. â€Å"The straightforward message to Family Planning is 'butt out and leave it to parents’,† McCoskrie said. Guardians know their children the best. They realize their enthusiastic and good advancement best and have their own qualities. Family Planning ought not be collaborating with children of that age. † McCoskrie said schools had become â€Å"one-stop shops† for managing social issues in the network. A few g uardians felt overawed by â€Å"the sex talk† with their kids, so assets ought to be placed in to helping them better comprehend what was required, McCoskrie said. â€Å"It should be values-based and we think guardians are the ones who decide the qualities. Fowl said youngsters ought to be presented to a scope of qualities, perspectives and assessments. As indicated by a review run on the Netmums child rearing site, most of guardians accept kids should begin finding out about sex and connections when they are eight years of age. I can hear them as of now. The stunned and shocked tones of the other â€Å"moral† larger part responding to one more dynamic plot to degenerate youngsters. â€Å"We’ll have no sex training here! † Or in the event that we should, let them hold up until they’re really doing it. That is pitiful, on the grounds that such perspectives are themselves transformative, diverting sex from a characteristic and developing point to a hazardous edge, making youth sexualisation more, not less, likely. Discussing sex begins a lot prior changes the probabilities that youngsters will be better educated. Kids utilize sexual terms some time before they arrive at the age of eight (year 3). Listening as of late to year 1 discussions, I caught young men looking at â€Å"having sex† (they mean â€Å"cuddling†). They affront each other utilizing terms, for example, â€Å"gay†. Conversation of sex goes through the play area talk like Blackpool through a stick of rock: it’s simply gravely framed. Discussing sex needs to begin prior with the goal that kids won't be befuddled at a leter time when it is found out through their friend gathering. A straw survey of nearby school kids proposes minimal valuable sex training is gotten before the age of 13. That’s two years after the normal age at which young ladies start their periods †five years after a few. On the off chance that you’re not told about such stuff at home, how alarming to be eight and abruptly dying. A scope of studies report adolescence beginning prior in western social orders †and keeping in mind that the truth of sexual experimentation may not be as realistic or extraordinary as the sensationalist newspapers would have us accept, that, as well, can start some time before 13. Sexual direction and character, as well, can be clear at an early age (from six ahead): again, how startling to develop in an air that makes â€Å"queers† consistently the victim of jokes with no adjusting official data. Sex doesn’t must be sexual in nature. A significant number of the dirtiest, smuttiest most grown-up things about sex are only that: grown-up. There is a discouraging perused opposite grown-up qualities to kid: numerous individuals expect that a youngster accomplishing something â€Å"sexy† comprehends their conduct and plans the outcome. Youngsters learn through play. Young ladies dress, use cosmetics and move in manners that would be suggestive if their mums did them †yet totally aren’t when they do. Kids can be taught about sex without concentrating on the sensual. It’s never too youthful to even think about learning regard for the convictions of explicitly activities. The most deceptive thing about this discussion is that rivals personification sex instruction as being about only a certain something. Truth be told, expansive and organized sex training will give establishing seeing someone, science, security, wellbeing, regard for other people and assent. These will be presented at the fitting point utilizing language suitable to the age finding them. In a world where numerous grown-up connections keep on being directed through the feelings of adolescence †and one of every four ladies (and one of every five men) are as yet enduring aggressive behavior at home †early sex ed is as much about learning the most essential of exercises †the option to state no †as whatever else. The most effective method to refer to Sex Education Taught to 8 Year Olds, Papers

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy

Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving Energy Save Money This Summer by Saving EnergyAll those handy dandy appliances in your home may help keep you cool, but theyre also draining your bank account dry.Sure, summertime means no more sweaters or heavy coats, but it does mean a rise in energy prices. Whether your home uses a window air conditioner, central air, or too many fans to count, you’re most likely hitting some energy high marks of the year. Those handy appliances might keep you and your family from feeling the heat, but you can’t say the same for your wallet.Aside from the more obvious advice like not running your air conditioners more than you need to or turning the lights off when you leave a room, there are some other ways you can alleviate your energy use while saving some money this summer.Rinkesh Kukreja, founder and editor of Conserve Energy Future, offered some great advice for anyone looking to reduce their energy footprint. Here are four of his major points to consider:1. “Insulate your home for keeping co ol air in and hot air out.”For the summer, this advice means it’s time to fully utilize your curtains, blinds or other window shades. Keep them shut or partially closed to keep the hot sun out. This will help keep the cool air inside the home and help maintain that more comfortable temperature.It’s also important to make sure your home is airtight. This is important year-round to keep the home at the optimal temperature for the season.Energuide has a variety of simple suggestions for keeping the cool air cool as well as circulating fresh air whenever possible:Fit protective films to your windows. They will filter the UV rays and reduce the effect of the sun in living rooms but still let the light in.Have your roof insulated, especially if you have bedrooms under the eaves.Properly insulated walls will protect you against the heat as well as against the cold.Keep your windows closed when it’s hot.Do not do any cooking in the oven and stick to cold dishes.Letting cool air in a t night and create draughts to ensure that the cool air circulates around the house.Use a ceiling fan to stir up the hot air that has gathered overhead; this will eliminate some of the humidity created due to condensation and sweat.Use standing fans, without remaining directly in the draught, so that you don’t catch a cold!If you are drying washing, place a fan behind the dryer. Your clothes will be ready more quickly and you will benefit from the coolness of the humidity given off.2. “Install a programmable or smart thermostat.”Unlike older thermostats, newer models are better equipped to best serve your family’s temperature needs. The thermostat can change temperatures depending on conditions such as whether anyone is home and the cooler nighttime temperatures. Plus some smart thermostats can even track your energy use for you!Family Handy Man recommends smart thermostats for significant energy savings over the course of a year. “A smart thermostat is accurate and inform ative,” according to Family Handy Man. “Using the manual and the energy saving tips that smart thermostats provide, you can create a schedule with the correct temperature zones to save you money on energy bills.The Nest Thermostat predicts you will save 10-12 percent on heating costs and 15 percent on cooling costs. Ecobee says you’ll save around 23 percent on both heating and cooling. Other smart thermostats have similar projections.”3. “Use smart power strips to cut off the power when electronic gadgets are not in use.”Certain electronics like computers and televisions are not only energy vampires (meaning that they use electricity even when not in use), but they also create undue heat even in small increments, which can be discomforting in the sweltering summer months.Energuide calls chargers “unnecessary heat sources” and suggests switching them off when not in use.“Chargers, even when they are not charging, devices on stand-by and computers all give off a fair amount of heatâ€"unplug anything that could be an unwanted heat source,” according to Energuide.Powerstrips can make switching off unused electronics even easier than unplugging them. A switch of a button puts even the trickiest of energy vampires to bed until they’re of use again.4. “Purchase energy efficient appliance[s].”According to Consumer Reports, new appliances are saving homeowners money! This isn’t much of a surprise, but it is a benefit to forking over the cash for a new washing machine or refrigerator. Not only are you being greener, but you are also being kinder to your wallet over time.Consumer Reports states that appliances account for just shy of 10 percent of household energy use with dryers and refrigerators as the top energy-using contenders from the appliance family. And, according to the Appliance Standards Awareness Project, American families have saved approximately $500 per year since the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act of 1987.Energy St ar-labeled appliances are partially to thank for some of the money and environment saving. Appliances that include energy efficiency marks aren’t just squeezing by either. They’re saving significant energy usage.New Energy Star washing machines use 25 percent less energy and about 70 to 75 percent less water than agitator washers did 20 years ago, according to Energy Star as cited by Consumer Reports.Energy Star appliances can save a family upwards of $100 a year in energy costs.What will you do with your savings?If youre saving money this summer, you should be putting it to good use. For folks living paycheck to paycheck, that should mean building up an emergency fund. That way, theyll be prepared for a rainy day and wont have to rely on short-term bad credit loans and no credit check loansâ€"like payday loans, cash advances, and title loansâ€"to make ends meet.Going green to save money is great, but there are so many parts of your day-to-day life where you could be squeezing o ut some extra savings as well! To learn more about saving money on everyday expenses, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:The Broke Persons Guide to Home CookingSave a Few Bucks on Fido with These DIY Pet ToysReusable Purchases That Will Save You Money in the Long RunHow to Use the Library to Save MoneyDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsRinkesh Kukreja is the founder editor of the blog Conserve Energy Future which receives more than 2 million page views every month. He has written several articles on his blog and is often looking for new and innovative ways to reduce energy consumption.

The Impact Of The Internet On Literacy - 814 Words

I created the interpretative part of my project with the intent of showing how the internet has improved the literacy of every age group throughout the world. From underdeveloped countries, to extremely modern nations such as Japan, the internet plays a vital role in the development of literacy in humans. My target audience for this research project is the person who thinks that the internet does not effect the literacy rate. I will present my results in an organized research paper, to ensure that any interested parties will find a comprehensive document outlining both the benefits and negatives the internet has to offer. While my topic has changed to the internet’s effect on literacy from my previous one of college kids under too much†¦show more content†¦Through extensive research they found that â€Å"active management of internet education by parents is key to a child’s early success† (Shi- Jer, Yuan-Chang 178). Children’s brains develop much quicker when allowed to use the internet, thus leading to a more mature and literate child. Proving Carr wrong. In class, we discussed how this is exactly what holocaust deniers do. Primo Levi is upfront with what he saw, and effectively conveys that â€Å"one of the most important messages delivered time and time again from Holocaust survivors is the need to bear witness, something which Primo Levy exactly does in Survival in Auschwitz† (Canvas). We see how the Holocaust deniers circulate their incorrect point of view, in the hopes of convincing others that what the rest of the world acknowledges as the truth is actually wrong. In the cases of Levi and Shi- Jer Yuan-Chang; even when the opposite sides were confronted with irrefutable evidence the false narrative still prevailed on some fronts. It is important that we raise awareness about these kinds of topics, as the more people know the more informed decisions they can make. It is dumbfounding to me that people wouldn’t believe what a Holocaust survivor such as Primo Levi says. Levi has absolutely no reason to lie about the horrendous events he experienced. However, in some instances Levi says that he has felt â€Å"the definiteShow MoreRelatedInformation Literacy And Digital Literacy1473 Words   |  6 Pagesdigital literacy play vital roles in our society and are necessary tools for citizens to have in this growing information age. Information literacy is â€Å"the ability to recognize the extent and nature of an information need, then to locate, evaluate, and effectively use the needed information.† (â€Å"Information Literacy Definition†, n.d.) Digital literacy is â€Å"the ability to find, evaluate, utilize, share, and create content using information technologies and the Internet.† (â€Å"What is Digital Literacy?†, nRead MoreEssay on Impact of Health Literacy on Health1193 Words   |  5 Pages Health literacy is defined as The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions (Michael K. Paasche-Orlow, 2010), the word Health literacy first appeared in 1974 in a paper which calls for â€Å"education standards for all grade school levels in USA† (Carolyn Speros, 2004) . Some recent works suggest that there is a relation between literacy, low health and premature deaths (ChristinaRead MoreTechnology : The Extreme Sophistication Of Modern Technology1597 Words   |  7 Pageshelping to advance skills. However, if IT is not deployed properly, they can hinder skills or cause harm by hindering literacy skills, hamper critical thinking and impairing communication. IT benefits players in terms of advances literacy skills, improves critical thinking and enhances communication, but it also negatively impacts on these skills if not used appropriately. Literacy is a basic skill and is needed to survive in society so it is imperative to employ IT to enhance it. The rise of mobileRead MoreEssay on Technical Illiteracy and Its Impact on Society959 Words   |  4 Pagestechnical illiteracy and its impact on the society. We are living in the 21st century, we use the benefits of scientific progress, and we consider ourselves civilized people. The future of society is not only to learn new skills, operate a computer, not only become a modern illiterate, but also to make life and work extremely inconvenient. Illiteracy is the illiterate people. The same is true in various dictionary definitions. 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Information once contained in massive volumes at libraries or in private collections is now available by typing words into a search engine and clicking â€Å"search.† One must no longer pick up a phone to call a friend, relative or colleague; e-mail, instant messaging, Skype and the like, have enabled people to communicate in non-traditional ways and across boundaries previously inaccessible.Read MoreThe Effects Of Mass Media On American Culture951 Words   |  4 Pageslast century. America has now explored what un-traditional media and it has a major impact on the culture called new me dia. What were the major developments in the evolution of mass media during the last century? There has been a major evolution in the mass media in the last century; we have print media, and broadcast media. In recent years, there has been a lot of changes in the media that has more of an impact on informing people of what is going on in the news or/and just the trending topicsRead MoreOral Culture Of The Late Middle Ages1468 Words   |  6 Pagesand subsequent widespread literacy signaled the shift away from a primarily oral culture to a literate, print culture. Many scholars, including Plato and Harold Innis, have suggested that the advantages of an oral culture exceed those of a print culture. Even further, the past few decades have seen calls to orality, or propositions that we must return to oral culture to balance print culture. As seen through a lens of the history of print culture, the benefits of literacy and a predominantly printRead MoreThe Digital Literacy Training Program Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagesstudent completing the course will increase their digital l iteracy, develop essential computer skills, improve a basic understanding of computing, and increase computer use in their daily lives. In addition, students will increase working knowledge and understanding of standard computer tools and applications all the while increasing working knowledge of basic networking and internet functionality. Outcomes The outcomes of the digital literacy training program will increase adults competitiveness inRead MoreThe Alphabet : Natural Or Unnatural?1336 Words   |  6 Pagesdefines literacy as â€Å"the quality or state of being literate, especially the ability to read and write.† In other words, people who are literate have the ability to look at and comprehend the meaning of written or printed matter. 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The Effects Of Electronic Devices On Children And...

Just another hour, please! This is what most parents hear from their children/adolescent every time it is time to stop using an electronic device. Children and adolescents today spend â€Å"1 to 3 hours per day during the week and between 1 to 4 hours per day on the weekends† (Kappos, A.D. pg. 556) on computer games, viewing videos, watching television and internet surfing to name a few. The use of electronic devices has changed the life of children/adolescent and have exposed them to a volatile and irreparable outcome, in their social interaction with peers and family, self-perception, behavior and sleep pattern. It is now a standard in today’s school and at home to have access to a computer to complete homework assignment and projects. The additional stress to perform has risen and has caused unwanted stress and anxiety in school age children. Due to the ease of accessibility of cellular phones and tablets today, it has become harder to monitor what your child/adolescent. â€Å"Only about three in ten young people say they have rules about how much time they can spend watching TV (28%) or playing video games (30%) and 36% say the same about using the computer. When parents do set limits, children spend less time with media: those with any media rules consume nearly 3 hours less media per day, than those with rules† (Kaiserfamilyfoundation.wordpress.com. 2010). Media present in the bedroom effects on sleep in children/adolescents consequences can be both physical and mental.Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Electronic Devices On Children And Adolescents Essay1464 Words   |   6 Pageshour, please! This is what most parents hear from their children/adolescent every time it is time to stop using an electronic device. 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This is leading harmful effects, specifically on children and adolescents, causing bad behaviors and attitudes, decreased intelligence, and worst of all health problems/concerns. There is no doubt that children and adolescent have an attitudeRead MoreRelationship Between Technology Consumption And Sleep Deprivation984 Words   |  4 Pagesaffect of such electronic devices on the population’s health and day-to-day life. While measuring scales and values differ among articles, there is an agreement among researchers that in bed technology use is positively associated with Insomnia. The relationship has been assessed through examination of morningness/eveningness, chronotype, daytime sleepiness and other determinates of sleep deprivation. 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Parents often do not intervene and are grateful that their children are being entertained and supposedly not getting into to trouble by engaging with their electronic devices. Research conducted on the internet

What Holden Hates Free Essays

Unavoidable occurrences draw his negative attention, which explains the numerous times he faces such experiences that he hates. All throughout the novel, it is clear that Holder hates his childhood; the division in society and the phoniness of people. From the beginning of the novel, Holder introduces his childhood in a way that does not seem to be of his liking. We will write a custom essay sample on What Holden Hates or any similar topic only for you Order Now He states, â€Å"†¦ The first thing you’ll probably want to know is where was born, and what my lousy childhood was like†¦ But don’t feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth† (Slinger, 1). His disinterest in talking about his childhood and the act that he dubs it as â€Å"lousy’ shows that his past is something he does not like to go further into since he does not like it. Additionally, he constantly refers back to Allis’s death, which occurred when Holder was thirteen. Holder explains how bad it affects him by saying, â€Å"†¦ They were going to have my psychoanalysis and all, because I broke all the windows in the garage†¦ L slept in the garage the night he died† (39). Holder speaks highly of Allis’s intelligence and innocence. Allele seems to be one of the few people Holder genuinely cares about and this signifies that Holder’s loss greatly scars his holding. Lastly, it is revealed that Holder had pervert experiences when he was younger. In the incident with Mr.. Anatolian, Holder finds himself sweating and he knows he is because he experiences something pervert. He mentions that it has happened to him about twenty times as a kid. It is clearly indicative that Holder’s childhood is scarred because he loses his own innocence, which explains his hatred of his younger years. Another concept that Holder hates is the division and inequality that society creates. He has a strong opinion about cliques. Holder acknowledges that â€Å"the basketball players stick together, the intellectuals and the members of the Book-of-the- Month club stick together† (131). Holder is bothered by the fact that people only follow the status quo only hang out with people that have the same interests. He hates the division this creates because he feels he cannot fit in with the groups because of the set boundaries. Secondly, Holder expresses how he hates money because it creates inequality among social groups. At the time he eats his breakfast at a diner, he says, â€Å"That depressed me. I hate it f I’m eating bacon and eggs or something and somebody else is only eating toast and coffee† (110). This shows that Holder hates the gap between rich and poor as it is unfair that people with money can afford to eat well when there are others who cannot afford to eat a hearty breakfast. Finally, Holder reveals that he hates how religion, specifically Catholicism, creates a boundary. He recalls a conversation he has with Louis Sanely, a Catholic. Holder states, â€Å"Then, after a while, right in the middle of the goddamn conversation, he asked me, â€Å"Did you happen to notice where the Catholic hurt is in town, by any chance? † The thing was, you could tell by the way he asked me that he was trying to find out if was a Catholic. He really was† (1 12). From Holder’s tone, this suggests that Louis’ inquiry ruins the conversation solely because he hates how Catholics are more eager to converse with others if they are also Catholic. Essentially, it is thoroughly apparent that Holder hates that there is inequality and division in society. Finally, Holder’s greatest hate in the world is the phoniness that comes from Others. All throughout the novel, Holder digresses about people he finds phony and the degree of hatred he has towards their phoniness. He talks about his older brother, DB, noting that he is a brilliant writer but hates that fact that he becomes a â€Å"prostitute† in Hollywood (2). Holder does not like that DB goes around looking like a big shot with his jaguar. He also does not like that DB wastes his talent in writing storyline for movies. This alludes to the next significant concept that Holder hates. Holder strongly dislikes movies in general and the people that love to see movies. He finds that movies are phony because it is just acting; the content of film is far from reality. Holder claims that people who enjoy movies are phony because they are just drawn to the superficial. Again, Holder demonstrates his hatred of phoniness through movies. The last aspect he hates about the phoniness Of people is the arrogance and essence of superiority that is evoked. Holder explains that Pence Prep â€Å"molds boys into splendid, clear-thinking young men who play polo† (2). However, he feels it is full of phoniness that Pence is feet with the idea that the school is full of polo players and hot shot students. In reality, no one plays polo and it is a standard school. Evidently, Holder demonstrates his hatred of phoniness through his numerous complaints and criticism of others. Through his failed connections and poor relationships with people, it is apparent that Holder has serious issues about society and his past. Holder becomes preoccupied with observing the phoniness and flaws of society; and the lousiness of his childhood because he genuinely hates these things. How to cite What Holden Hates, Papers

The Great Wall Essay Example For Students

The Great Wall Essay In the year 221 B.C.E., there was a great ruler over the Chinkingdom in China, named Shih Huang Ti. Shih was power hungry andwanted more land so he gathered his army and captured thesurrounding kingdoms. As the ruler of so many kingdoms he becamethe first emperor of China. Shih showed his tyranny when heburned all history books to insure that his people and futuregenerations would only remember him and none of the earlier rulers. He had a strong army but the fierce tribes north of China, theMongols and the Huns, were stronger. These nomadic tribes wouldcome into China and steal crops and animals and then destroyeverything left behind. Shih was very disturbed with these invasions, so in the year214 B.C.E. he freed prisoners and gathered workers and herds ofanimals. He gave all this to Meng Tien, his loyal general. Mengand the men and animals were sent north to fortify Shihs kingdomsfrom invading armies. Shih planned to make a great wall byextending and enlarging preexisting walls made by previous rulers. We will write a custom essay on The Great Wall specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This great wall would serve as a barricade to keep out alltribes that wanted to invade China. It also served to separate thecivilized acts of the farmers in China to the barbaric acts of thenomadic tribes. What Shih did not know was that the constructionwould cause many deaths and much suffering to the builders of thewall. The wall which Meng and his men created had watchtowers, fortyfeet tall, every two hundred yards. The purpose of these towerswas to alert the defending soldiers of approaching, attackingtribes. The soldiers at the towers signalled to each other by dayusing smoke signals, waving flags, blowing horns, and ringingbells; by night by lighting firework-like objects in the sky. Thewall, itself, was approximately fifteen hundred miles long, thirtyfeet high and, at the base, twenty-five feet thick. It was made ofthe core of earth and gravel. Actually, it was two walls alignedwith each other and then filled in with a stone base poundedsmooth. The wall traveled over mountains and through valleys. Itwent from Liatun, on the coast near Korea, westward to the northernend on the Yellow River, southward to Lintao to close off thenorth west area of the empire from the Huns. The great wall issometimes compared to a dragon with its head in the east and itstail in the west and its winding body. The drag on in China isconsidered a protective sacredness rather than a destructivecreature. The top of the wall is approximately thirteen feet wideso six people riding horses could ride side by side along the top. On the side of the wall there are reliefs, which are two-dimensional figures on the wall. The Great Wall of China took hundreds of years to be totallycompleted and constantly maintained. As a barricade againstinvading armies it was very successful at keeping out unwantedpeople. Unfortunately, in the year 1215 AD, the Mongols came down,under the rule of Genghis Khan, and destroyed major parts of thewall. It took two years of constant fighting, but the Mongols weresuccessful at breaking through the wall. Also, many years later,the Manchus, another strong tribe, penetrated the wall and tookover parts of China. During the Ming Dynasty( 1368-1644 A.D.), the Great Wall wasrepaired by General Xu Da and watchtowers were added by General QiJiguang. Most of what tourists see today was made by these twogenerals. During World War II, the Great Wall was used for thetransportation of troops. The Great Wall is so huge that it is theonly man made creation which can be seen from the moon. .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .postImageUrl , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:hover , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:visited , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:active { border:0!important; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:active , .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917 .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue345083d7400a4c08697ef163c981917:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Reconstruction EssayBibliographyBIBLIOGRAPHYDelahoye, H.. Drege, J.P.. Wilson, Dick. Zewen, Lou. THE GREATWALL. New York: Warwick Press, 1987Huang, Ray. CHINA A MACRO HISTORY. New York: M.E. Sharp Publishers,1988Huges-Stanton, Penelope. AN ANCIENT CHINESE TOWN. New York: WarwickPress, 1986Kalman, Bobbie. CHINA THE LAND. New York: Crabtree PublishingCompany, 1989Kan, Lao Po. THE ANCIENT CHINESE. London: Macdonald EducationalHolywell House, 1981Nancarrow, Peter. EARLY CHINA AND THE WALL. Minneapolis: LernerPublications Company, 1980Overbeck, Cynthia. Thompson, Brenda. THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Company, 1977Toy, Sydney. A HISTORY OF FORTIFICATION. London: William Heinemann,1955

A Good Man is Hard to Find

A Good Man is Hard to Find Free Online Research Papers The readings â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† could be easily said not to share any similarities. Both stories take place in different times, different society backgrounds and beliefs. Even though such is true, after reading these short stories a couple of times, I noticed that there are in facts some similarities between the themes of both stories. As we read through the climax of both, we can instantly notice the frequent use of religion by the characters of both stories. The factors that lead to the use of religion differ from one story to the other, yet in both cases religion tries to explain an unusual situation. In â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† we can see how the grandmother becomes extremely religious when her life is at stake. From â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† we can see that Pelayo and Elisenda as well as everyone in town all try to find an explanation through religion. I will be show ing in this paper how these two readings both portray man’s behavior when faced with the unexpected. A similar situation can be seen in the story, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, when the family is thrown into desperation right after the car crash in page, 147. The story â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† is a story taking place sometime in the 18th or 19th century. This statement could be checked at the bottom of page 338, â€Å"they had to call in troops with fixed bayonets.† It is well known that during those times religion was a big part of society. The church ruled the state not the government, and because upcoming discoveries in science defiled religious doctrines. Any scientic discovery or explanation was not widely accepted and sometimes even punishable by the law. The common man in this era therefore explained supernatural event through religion. â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† is a fictional piece of writing that uses an extremely unreal setting to portray an unexpected event. Because of the statements above I concluded that the writer must have been trying to portray man’s reaction to the unexpected, man’s reaction to that which has not been previously defined. The story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† takes place during the 20th century, it can be noticed from the text that cars are already a major way of transportation and racial segregation was still at its peak. As we read this story we can arrive to the conclusion that religion was only used as a means to survive and as emotional shelter. Starting from page 192 we can see how the grandmother turns into her religious beliefs to persuade the Misfit not to kill her. As stated by the Misfit on page 195, â€Å"she would have been a good woman if it had been somebody there to shoot her every minute of her life.† This statement clearly shows the grandmother’s â€Å"extremely good† nature when faced with death. It can be clearly seen that the grandmother only appeals to religion to try to control and predict this unexpected situation. In the story â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† we can see a pattern of behavior developing, when Father Gonzaga trie s to calm the masses by preaches just in the same way the Grandmother tries to calm the Misfit, when faced in a dire situation. In both stories, the main characters use religion for their own personal advantage. In the story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find†, the grandmother tries to convince the Misfit that he is a good man, from a family with good blood, to pray with her to Jesus in order to receive forgiveness for the bad things done in the past hoping that he would hear her and let her go alive even though he had already killed all her family. I don’t really think the grandmother would care that much about religion if it weren’t because her life was at stake and it was the only chance to save herself from a sure death. The grandmother was trying to reach deep into the Misfit’s religious side, somehow she was optimistic in the belief that we all have a religious side and we are all fearful of God in one way or another. In the story â€Å"An Old Man with Enormous Wings† something similar can be perceived. Before the old man arrived in the house, the family lived in a precarious situation. The house was in ruins, full of crabs and very stinky. They were also completely out of money and just living on a day to day basis. When the old man arrives, and they are told that he was an angel, they threw him in the chicken coop to live in an even worse situation than they were living in and the only thing they cared about was the money they could make out of him. As this shows, neither story demonstrates a great appreciation towards religion; they bend religion to achieve or accomplish materialistic goals instead of practicing and adoring the greater gifts provided for them. As we can see from the supporting statements above, it seems that religion is man’s weapon against the unknown. If there were something in common between these two stories it would definitely be the image of society they seek to portray. The two stories are taking place at two different times in history, yet we can clearly see the fact that people in both stories use religion as a tool for achieving selfish goals. They only seek religion when they need it, when things go bad and nothing or anyone else is there to answer their needs. Both stories somehow try to answer the question of, â€Å"is man’s true nature good or evil?† In our last group discussion many of my classmates seemed to believe the grandmother was evil, but if we think about this statement carefully, saying she’s evil implies that we’re all evil. Unlike â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings†, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† portrays man’s behavior to the unexpected by narrating a story that could happen to any of us. â€Å"A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings† portrays the same point but with a more fictional atmosphere. At first, the meanings and themes of the stories may seem confusing to the reader, but after a second read it becomes clear that the point is to portray a fact about all of us, a fact of life. I concluded that both short stories reveal man’s true nature when facing the unexpected. Research Papers on A Good Man is Hard to FindMind TravelCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionLifes What IfsThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Fifth HorsemanRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtHonest Iagos Truth through Deception

WSPU Founded by Emmeline Pankhurst

WSPU Founded by Emmeline Pankhurst As founder of the Womens Social and Political Union (WSPU) in 1903, suffragist Emmeline Pankhurst brought militancy to the British suffrage movement in the early twentieth century. The WSPU became the most contentious of the suffragist groups of that era, with activities ranging from disruptive demonstrations to destruction of property through the use of arson and bombs. Pankhurst and her cohorts served repeated sentences in jail, where they staged hunger strikes. The WSPU was active from 1903 to 1914, when Englands involvement in World War I brought womens suffrage efforts to a halt. Pankhurst's Early Days as an Activist Emmeline Goulden Pankhurst was born in Manchester, England in 1858 to liberal-minded parents who supported both the antislavery and womens suffrage movements. Pankhurst attended her first suffrage meeting with her mother at the age of 14, becoming devoted to the cause of womens suffrage at an early age. Pankhurst found her soul mate in Richard Pankhurst, a radical Manchester attorney twice her age whom she married in 1879. Pankhurst shared his wifes determination to acquire the vote for women; he had even drafted an early version of a womens suffrage bill, which had been rejected by Parliament in 1870. The Pankhursts were active in several local suffrage organizations in Manchester. They moved to London in 1885 to enable Richard Pankhurst to run for Parliament. Although he lost, they stayed in London for four years, during which time they formed the Womens Franchise League. The League disbanded due to internal conflicts and the Pankhursts returned to Manchester in 1892. The Birth of the WSPU Pankhurst suffered the sudden loss of her husband to a perforated ulcer in 1898, becoming a widow at the age of 40. Left with debts and four children to support (her son Francis had died in 1888), Pankhurst took a job as a registrar in Manchester. Employed in a working-class district, she witnessed many instances of gender discrimination- which only strengthened her resolve to obtain equal rights for women. In October 1903, Pankhurst founded the Womens Social and Political Union (WSPU), holding the weekly meetings in her Manchester home. Limiting its membership to women only, the suffrage group sought the involvement of working-class women. Pankhursts daughters Christabel and Sylvia helped their mother to manage the organization, as well as to give speeches at rallies. The group published its own newspaper, naming it ​Suffragette after the derogatory nickname given to suffragists by the press. Early supporters of the WSPU included many working-class women, such as mill-worker Annie Kenny and seamstress Hannah Mitchell, both of whom became prominent public speakers for the organization. The WSPU adopted the slogan Votes For Women and selected green, white, and purple as their official colors, symbolizing respectively, hope, purity, and dignity. The slogan and tricolor banner (worn by members as a sash across their blouses) became a common sight at rallies and demonstrations throughout England. Gaining Strength In May 1904, WSPU members crowded the House of Commons to hear discussion on the womens suffrage bill, having been assured in advance by the Labor Party that the bill (drafted years earlier by Richard Pankhurst) would be brought up for debate. Instead, members of Parliament (MPs) staged a talk-out, a strategy intended to run down the clock so that there would be no time left for discussion of the suffrage bill. Infuriated, members of the Union decided they must use more drastic measures. Since demonstrations and rallies were not producing results, although they did help to increase the membership of the WSPU, the Union adopted a new strategy - heckling politicians during speeches. During one such incident in October 1905, Pankhursts daughter Christabel and fellow WSPU member Annie Kenney were arrested and sent to jail for a week. Many more arrests of women protesters- nearly a thousand- would follow before the struggle for the vote was over. In June 1908, the WSPU held the largest-ever political demonstration in Londons history. Hundreds of thousands rallied in Hyde Park as suffragist speakers read resolutions calling for the womens vote. The government accepted the resolutions but refused to act upon them. The WSPU Gets Radical The WSPU employed increasingly militant tactics over the next several years. Emmeline Pankhurst organized a window-smashing campaign throughout Londons commercial districts in March 1912. At the designated hour, 400 women took hammers and began smashing windows simultaneously. Pankhurst, who had broken windows at the prime ministers residence, went to jail along with many of her accomplices. Hundreds of women, including Pankhurst, went on hunger strikes during their numerous imprisonments. Prison officials resorted to violent force-feeding of the women, some of whom actually died from the procedure. Newspaper accounts of such mistreatment helped to generate sympathy for the suffragists. In response to the outcry, Parliament passed the Temporary Discharge for Ill-Health Act (known informally as the Cat and Mouse Act), which allowed the fasting women to be released just long enough to recover, only to be rearrested. The Union added destruction of property to its growing arsenal of weapons in its battle for the vote. Women vandalized golf courses, railroad cars, and government offices. Some went so far as to set buildings on fire and plant bombs in mailboxes. In 1913, one Union member, Emily Davidson, attracted negative publicity by throwing herself in front of the kings horse during a race at Epsom. She died days later, having never regained consciousness. World War I Intervenes In 1914, Britains involvement in World War I effectively brought about the end of the WSPU and the suffrage movement in general. Pankhurst believed in serving her country in a time of war and declared a truce with the British government. In return, all imprisoned suffragists were released from jail. Women proved themselves capable of performing traditional mens jobs while the men were off at war and seemed to have earned more respect as a result. By 1916, the fight for the vote was over. Parliament passed the Representation of the People Act, granting the vote to all women over 30. The vote was granted to all women over 21 years of age in 1928, only weeks after the death of Emmeline Pankhurst.

Crime Scene Investigator Behind Mysterious and Unusual Deaths Case Study

Crime Scene Investigator Behind Mysterious and Unusual Deaths - Case Study Example There were three types of shoe marks there which indicated three types of footprints in these footprints it also became evident that one of that one out those three people was a female. The way the footprints were placed was favouring the fact indicating that the boy not dead body only struggle with the two men while the woman is standing at one side only watching or recording what is happening which was also raising a doubt that may be the reason of this crime the fight is that woman. A medical expert and police photographer that was there came forward and after all the shots of the body were taken. The medical expert started examining the body by just throwing a careful watch on it and along with that he also started collecting useful information. After this aspect was covered the body was searched for the belongings with the dead body but all his pockets were empty and were torn and it was giving evidence that they had been emptied freshly most probably by the criminal. This aspec t of the investigation gave another picture that he was killed maybe because he had some property with him and the criminals were trying to snatch that. Photographer was taking pictures from all every angle of the body as a set of â€Å"CSI shot† (This is the technique of shooting extreme close-ups, normally with explanatory commentary from one of the characters from the media) (CSI, 2004). Measurements and a rough sketch were made to preserve the scene for further study and investigations and possible reconstruction.

Battle of art and science Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Battle of art and science - Research Proposal Example Richard Dawkins, a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist and an accepted science writer was also a professor at New College, Oxford. In 1982, his prominence was further accepted due to his contribution to the field with the theory described in his book The Extended Phenotype, that the phenotypic impact of a gene isn’t restricted to just the body of the organism, but was capable of spreading out into the environment, influencing other organisms as well. Dawkins, an atheist, cynic, methodical rationalist, and an advocator of the Darwin’s theory of natural selection was a loud critic of religion. Dawkins argued that a paranormal creator was non-existent and that belief meets the criteria of a delusion, a permanent misbelieve. Dawkins has established the foundation theory which was presented in the volume Adaptation and Natural Selection authored by George C. Williams's. He presented the term selfish gene as a means of articulating the gene-centric theory of evolution, which give out the idea that evolution, was best observed as acting on genes and that selection at the organism level almost never dominates selection based on genes. Dawkins was of the opinion that organism tries to evolve to capitalize on its inclusive fitness i.e., the numerous replicas of its genes passed on globally rather than by a certain individual. This led to populations being headed towards an evolutionarily stable approach.

PHR Implementation

PHR Implementation Melchor Abejon   With the advent of the internet, including emails and other web-based technologies, patients nowadays have assumed a much more active role in managing their health care. An evolving concept that makes a great potential to improve the health of individuals and efficiency of health care is the use of Personal Health Records (PHR). The American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) and the American Medical Information Association (AMIA) continue to advocate for the use of PHR, empowering individuals to engage in a much more active role of managing their health care. According to AHIMA (2005), the PHR is an electronic, lifelong resource of health information needed by individuals to make health decisions. The individuals manage and own the information in the PHR, which comes from health care providers and the individuals. The PHR is maintained in a secure and private environment with the individuals determining the right of access. As the chief technology officer of an academ ic medical center in the western United States, planning to adopt and integrate a PHR software in its existing Electronic Health Record (EHR) system, the purpose of this paper is to outline my recommendation of the essential functionalities of a PHR that are to be considered for the organization. Choosing a PHR that would fit the needs of the organization is not going to be an easy task. There are a number of PHR software in the market to choose from, so it is necessary to take precaution and compare the products and check out for reviews because the same as in the EHRs, once you purchased the system, you will be tied for it for a long time. The PHR software that is to be selected should be reliable, sophisticated and secure. Enumerated below are the functionalities of a PHR that I would like to be implemented first for the organization: Compatibility functionality. My chosen PHR should be compatible with the organizations EHR system and with other third party tools. It should be able to directly interact with the organizations EHR. This functionality is extremely important as it will enable the sharing of information of patients with their healthcare providers. Also, with the PHR connected to the organizations EHR, patients can make their appointments online, consult their providers from their PHR, and obtain drug prescriptions without the hassle of visiting the doctors office. The many number of third party tools and mash-up services are also becoming available online to provide personalized health and wellness tools in which individual patients can use depending on their health needs. Examples of these third-party tools are the (a) Microsoft Healthvault (b) Training Peaks and (c) Google Health to name a few. The compatibility of the PHR with such mentioned web based applications enables patients to have access to a more personalized tool, thus letting them reap the most benefits from their PHRs. Must have the basic features, intuitive tool design, and ease of use functionality. Not all people are comfortable with the use technology, so needless to say, my chosen PHR should be easy to use. It must have the standard features which are (a) add (b) delete (c) correct and (d) share records. Patients should be able to add, delete, correct and track their medical history. The menu navigation should be intuitive and most used features should be quickly accessed. It must also have the ability to control and share health information with health providers and as well as family members with the consent of the patient. Security and control functionality. Security and protection of a patient health information is always a top concern in the field of healthcare industry to achieve the meaningful use of systems. My chosen PHR must have the security features to make sure health information is protected and secured all the time while still accessible from anywhere. Ability to automatically pull records from healthcare providers. My chosen PHR should enable patients to pull their historical information about their health problems, drug prescriptions, test procedures performed and as well as allergies. Having this feature would enable the patients to become more aware of their health care and as well as engage themselves in a much more active role of managing their health care. Proactive health monitoring functionality. My chosen PHR must have the advanced features to help patients take control of their health. Example of proactive health monitoring features are (a) weight loss, body mass index, and cholesterol monitoring (b) alerts when certain health conditions reach a certain threshold such as blood pressure and (c) a health planner services to help patients live a healthier and more productive life. References PHR Reviews (2009). How to choose a PHR- Personal health record system. Retrieved March 7, 2017 from http://www.phrreviews.com/how-to-choose-a-phr Wager, K.A., Lee, F.W., Glaser, J.P. (2013). Healthcare information systems: A practical approach for health care management (3rd ed ). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Brief 1

Susan M. V. New York Law School, No. 129, Court of Appeals of New York, 76 N. Y. 2d 241; 556 N. E. 2d 1104; 557 N. Y. S. 2d 297; 1990 N. Y. LEXIS 1413, April 26 1990, Argued, June 14, 1990, Decided Facts: Petitioner law student was placed on academic probation after her first year of law school. A year later, having failed to maintain a minimum cumulative average as required by respondent law school's rules, she was dismissed after a hearing of respondent's academic status committee. She sought reinstatement in an action under N. Y. C. P. L. R. 8 alleging that the decision was arbitrary and capricious, and that her poor academic performance was due to three professors' irrational testing and grading procedures. She argued that the committee failed to give sufficient weight to various personal factors and that the dismissal was in retaliation for complaining about her professors. Issue: Student was being kicked out of school for having failed to maintain a minimum cumulative average a s required by respondent law school's rules, she was dismissed after a hearing of respondent's academic status committee.Holding: The court found the student guilty of not being able to be in compliance with the minimum requirement for a cumulative average. Responsive affidavits asserted that exam grading was purely a matter of academic discretion based on the overall quality of the answers. The appellate division remanded for consideration of whether a particular grade was a rational exercise of discretion, but granted the parties leave to appeal. The court dismissed the petition, holding that assessments of academic performance involved academic determinations requiring the expertise of educators.Hence, petitioner's claims were not judicially cognizable. Analysis: The student was unable to comply with requirements from the school and was overturned on the fact that her grades were solely held to the discretion of the professors whom had a reason for each of the grades she had rece ived. Conclusion: Her petitions didn’t matter and ended up getting removed form the law school because of her failure to comply with certain academic policy’s of that school.

Mokosh, Slavic Mother Earth Goddess

There are seven primordial gods in Slavic mythology, and only one of them is female: Mokosh. In the pantheon in the Kievan Rus state, she is the only goddess at all, and so her specific role in Slavic mythology is vast and varied, and, more aptly perhaps, foggy and damp. Mother earth and house spirit, tender of sheep and spinner of fate, Mokosh is the supreme Slavic goddess.   Key Takeaways: Mokosh Associated Deities: Tellus, Ziva (Siva), Rusalki (water nixies), Lada  Equivalents: St. Paraskeva Pianitsa (Christian Orthodox); loosely comparable to the Greek Titan Gaia, Hera (Greek), Juno (Roman), Astarte (Semitic)Epithets: Goddess Who Spins Wool, Mother Moist Earth, Flax WomanCulture/Country: Slavonic Culture, Eastern and Central EuropePrimary Sources: Nestor Chronicle (a.k.a. Primary Chronicle), Christian-recorded Slavic talesRealms and Powers: Power over the earth, water, and death. Protector of spinning, fertility, grain, cattle, sheep, and wool; fisherman and merchants.  Family: Wife to Perun, lover to Veles and Jarilo Mokosh in Slavic Mythology In Slavic mythology, Mokosh, sometimes transliterated as MokoÃ… ¡ and meaning Friday, is Moist Mother Earth and thus the most important (or sometimes only) goddess in the religion. As a creator, she is said to have been discovered sleeping in a cave by a flowering spring by the spring god Jarilo, with whom she created the fruits of the earth. She is also the protector of spinning, tending sheep, and wool, patron of merchants and fishermen, who protects cattle from plague and people from drought, disease, drowning, and unclean spirits.   The origins of Mokosh as mother earth may date to pre-Indo-European times (Cuceteni or Tripolye culture, 6th–5th millennia BCE) when a near-global woman-centered religion is thought to have been in place. Some scholars suggest she may be a version of Finno-Ugric sun goddess Jumala. In 980 CE, Kievan Rus emperor Vladimir I (died 1015) erected six idols to Slavic gods and included Mokosh in 980 CE, although he took them down when he converted to Christianity. Nestor the Chronicler (11th century CE), a monk at the Monastery of the Caves in Kyiv, mentions her as the only female in his list of seven gods of the Slavs. Versions of her are included in the tales of many different Slavic countries.   Appearance and Reputation   Surviving images of Mokosh are rare—although there were stone monuments to her beginning at least as long ago as the 7th century. A wooden cult figure in a wooded area in the Czech Republic is said to be a figure of her. Historical references say she had a large head and long arms, a reference to her connection with spiders and spinning. Symbols associated with her include spindles and cloth, the rhombus (a nearly global reference to womens genitals for at least 20,000 years), and the Sacred Tree or Pillar. There are many goddesses in the various Indo-European pantheons who reference spiders and spinning. Historian Mary Kilbourne Matossian has pointed out that the Latin word for tissue textere means to weave, and in several derivative languages such as Old French, tissue means something woven.   The act of spinning, suggests Matossian, is to create body tissue. The umbilical cord is the thread of life, transmitting moisture from the mother to the infant, twisted and coiled like the thread around a spindle. The final cloth of life is represented by the shroud or winding sheet, wrapped around a corpse in a spiral, as thread loops around a spindle. Role in Mythology Although the Great Goddess has a variety of consorts, both human and animal, in her role as a primary Slavic goddess, Mokosh is the moist earth goddess and is set against (and married to) Perun as the dry sky god. She is also linked to Veles, in an adulterous manner; and Jarilo, the spring god.   Some Slavic peasants felt it was wrong to spit on the earth or beat it. During the Spring, practitioners considered the earth pregnant: before March 25 (Lady Day), they would neither construct a building or a fence, drive a stake into the ground or sow seed. When peasant women gathered herbs they first lay prone and prayed to Mother Earth to bless any medicinal herbs.   Mokosh in Modern Usage Saint Paraskeva Pyatnitsa with Scenes from Her Life, 15th century Collection of the State Museum of History, Moscow. Fine Art Images / Heritage Images / Getty Images With the coming of Christianity into the Slavic countries in the 11th century CE, Mokosh was converted to a saint, St. Paraskeva Pyanitsa (or possibly the Virgin Mary), who is sometimes defined as the personification of the day of Christs crucifixion, and others a Christian martyr. Described as tall and thin with loose hair, St. Paraskeva Pyanitsa is known as lnianisa (flax woman), connecting her to spinning. She is the patroness of merchants and traders and marriage, and she defends her followers from a range of diseases. In common with many Indo-European religions (Paraskevi is Friday in modern Greek; Freya Friday; VenusVendredi), Friday is associated with Mokosh and St. Paraskeva Pyanitsa,  especially Fridays before important holidays. Her feast day is October 28; and no one may spin, weave, or mend on that day.   Sources Detelic, Mirjana. St. Paraskeve in the Balkan Context. Folklore 121.1 (2010): 94–105.  Dragnea, Mihai. Slavic and Greek-Roman Mythology, Comparative Mythology. Brukenthalia: Romanian Cultural History Review 3 (2007): 20–27.  Marjanic, Suzana. The Dyadic Goddess and Duotheism in Nodilo’s the Ancient Faith of the Serbs and the Croats. Studia Mythologica Slavica 6 (2003): 181–204.  Matossian, Mary Kilbourne. In the Beginning, God Was a Woman. Journal of Social History 6.3 (1973): 325–43.  Monaghan, Patricia. Encyclopedia of Goddesses Heroines. Novato CA: New World Library, 2014.  Zaroff, Roman. Organized Pagan Cult in Kievan Rus’. The Invention of Foreign Elite or Evolution of Local Tradition? Studia Mythologica Slavica (1999).